Responsive images and other fluid media (like videos) are fundamental elements of modern web development. Despite the fact that responsive design has become ubiquitous in the web industry, a solution for high quality media that loads quickly and looks great on all viewports remains elusive.

Learn how create and use fluid media elements

When designing, developing and optimizing a responsive website, you will often encounter elements which maintain their aspect ratio while scaling. Images do by default in HTML, but videos, background images, calls to action, ads, and other graphical elements do not.

A developer’s first inclination may be to set the width and height of an element to a percentage value. However, because percentages in CSS are calculated based on the dimensions of the equivalent property of the elements parent container (i.e. a percentage based height will be based on the parent’s height, width will be based on width), decreasing an element’s width will not directly affect its height.

Learn how to create accessible, interactive, responsive CTAs with modern CSS techniques

Information architecture is one of the most important user experience elements of a website because it directly affects navigation, often affects URL structure, and it is important to both SEO and conversion optimization. On ecommerce websites, product “merchandising” may impact aspects of information architecture. To ensure that users can find the information they are looking for as quickly and as easily as possible, it is important to understand the technical differences between categories and attributes.

Learn the technical differences between categories and attributes

Some SEO consultants recommend “flat” URL structures. However, there is no evidence that a flat URL structure is better than a clearly hierarchical URL structure. While there is some debate in the SEO community, most reputable sources agree that there is no SEO/SERP benefit to flattening URL structure, and that hierarchical URLs are better for UX, crawling, and data analysis.

Learn how to best structure URLs for SEO and UX

When launching a website on a new platform or when changing the information architecture of a website, it is usually necessary to configure redirects to ensure users can locate the content they expect even when accessing the website via legacy URLs. These redirects also instruct search engines to reindex content at a new location and transfer page ranking.

Learn how locate and redirect URLs for URL migrations